AI hallucinations are often described as unpredictable failures—or as evidence that generative AI can’t be trusted in regulated environments.  That interpretation is understandable, but incomplete.  In reality, hallucinations occur because large language models generate text based on probability, not verification. They are a predictable result of how AI systems express confidence when certainty is unavailable. Once that’s understood, hallucinations become easier to anticipate

Safety narratives serve as a critical component of clinical trial documentation, providing a comprehensive account of a patient’s...